Nora flu virus 2007

Flu-associated deaths in children defined as persons aged 18 years and younger first became a nationally notifiable condition during the flu season and are reported through the National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System NNDSS. Note: The counts above are of flu-associated deaths among children according to the flu season the deaths occur, not when they are reported to CDC.

Vaccination remains the best method for preventing flu and its potentially severe complications in children. There are two types of vaccines that protect against the flu. Children under 6 months old can become very sick from the flu, but they are too young to get a flu vaccine. The best way to protect young children is to make sure that their household members and their caregivers are vaccinated. Children 6 months to 9 years of age getting a flu shot for the first time will need two doses of vaccine the first year they are vaccinated, with the first dose ideally being given in September.

The second dose should be given 28 or more days after the first dose. Keep this in mind if your child needs the two doses—begin the process early. It usually takes about two weeks after the second dose for protection to begin. Vaccination should begin in September or as soon as vaccine is available. Though it varies, the flu season can last as late as May and sporadic cases of flu occur year round.

For more information, see Children, the Flu, and the Flu Vaccine. To receive weekly email updates about Seasonal Flu, enter your email address:. Skip directly to site content Skip directly to page options Skip directly to A-Z link. Influenza Flu. Section Navigation. Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Syndicate. Summary of the Influenza Season.

Minus Related Pages. How severe was the flu season? What determines the severity of a flu season? Top of Page Was the peak of the flu season typical in terms of timing? Where did most flu activity occur in the United States this season? How many people died from flu during the season? What flu viruses circulated this season? Top of Page How well did circulating viruses match the vaccine strains during the season?

How often are the vaccine and circulating virus strains well matched? Top of Page What did we see during the season in terms of antiviral resistance monitoring or surveillance in the United States?

Did CDC recommend any changes to the guidance on the use of antivirals for the influenza season? What was this season like in terms of bacterial co-infections, including Staphylococcus aureus , with flu? Flu Deaths in Children Flu-associated deaths in children defined as persons aged 18 years and younger first became a nationally notifiable condition during the flu season and are reported through the National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System NNDSS.

How many children have died from flu-associated complications during previous flu seasons? During the season, flu-associated deaths in children were reported to CDC. Therefore, while the northern hemisphere vaccine may provide partial protection in Cambodia, the southern hemisphere vaccine is recommended.

The drug susceptibility profile of Cambodian influenza strains revealed that neuraminidase inhibitors would be the drug of choice for influenza treatment and chemoprophylaxis in Cambodia, as adamantanes are no longer expected to be effective. National Center for Biotechnology Information , U. BMC Proc. Author information Article notes Copyright and License information Disclaimer.

Corresponding author. Background The Cambodian National Influenza Center NIC was established in August for the purpose of documenting the dynamics of influenza disease and to virologically characterize the circulating strains.

Methods The sentinel sites collected weekly epidemiological data from patients who fulfilled the ILI case definition, and took naso-pharyngeal specimens from 5 to 10 cases per week.

Results We observed that 5. Conclusion Peak seasonal influenza activity in Cambodia occurred during the rainy season from August to November. Those are important because norovirus causes such a high disease burden: It is thought to be responsible for at least half of all foodborne outbreaks of gastroenteritis every year, according to the CDC. To create the model, Straub and collaborators grew human intestinal epithelial cells on collagen-coated microbeads that were tumbled in a rotating reactor vessel.

They used the resulting tissues for five passages of two genotypes of norovirus that were originally isolated from patients during outbreaks on a cruise ship and in a nursing home, and proved the presence of norovirus by multiple assays following each passage. The work, which will be published in the March edition of Emerging Infectious Diseases and was posted online ahead of print, represents the first lab model of human norovirus infection; previous models used mouse noroviruses or a related feline virus.

Scientists not involved in the research said it could point the way to a better understanding of an under-appreciated pathogen. The authors write that developing a method for culturing human norovirus in the lab was a necessary first step in the effort to understand the virus's pathogenesis. In future research with the model, they hope to identify protective immune responses and learn more about how the virus replicates, with the aim of devising better prevention measures. Norovirus spreads through the fecal-oral route, via both food and water, but there are also indications that it can spread via environmental contamination and direct person-to-person transmission, according to the CDC.

It is fiercely contagious: Ingesting as few as 10 virus particles can cause infection, and infected persons can shed virus for up to two weeks after symptoms end, the CDC says. The illness is miserable, with nausea, diarrhea and vomiting multiple times per day.

Symptoms usually last from 24 to 60 hours. The CDC does not conduct routine surveillance for norovirus, so there is no way to confirm how commonly the bug occurs.

So far this year, however, large outbreaks have been reported at the Scripps Research Institute in California, at Radford University in Virginia, among customers of a south Florida restaurant, in hospitals in Saskatchewan, Massachusetts, and North Carolina, and among hundreds of passengers on the ocean liner Queen Elizabeth 2.

Some norovirus outbreaks, such as on cruise ships, have recurred despite repeated rounds of aggressive cleaning. In vitro cell culture infectivity assay for human noroviruses.